每次考试都会错，定语从句用法大集合，从此考试不用愁

　　原标题：每次考试都会错，定语从句用法大集合，从此考试不用愁

　　定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。

　　引导从句的关系代词有：who(人，主语), whom(人，宾语), whose(人/物,定语), which(物,主/宾), that(人/物,主/宾)。

　　引导从句的关系副词有：where(地点), when(时间), why(原因)。

　　上述句子成分是我们做定语从句时必须要掌握的根本,一切变化都不能脱离此基础,同学们务必记牢,并加强训练.下面安颖老师给同学们着重介绍一些初中考察定语从句时的考点:

　　1. 只能用that 的情况：

　　a． 先行词为all, any, few, no, some, much, little等修饰。

　　I have done all the work that he told us to do .

　　我做了所有他告诉我们要做的工作.

　　b． 先行词被序数词修饰。

　　The first question that he asked me was hard to answer .

　　他问我们的第一个问题很难回答.

　　c． 先行词同时有人和物。

　　They often talk about things and persons that they remember .

　　他们经常谈论那些他们记得的人和物.

　　d． 先行词是everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词。

　　I remembered everything that the teachers taught me before .

　　我记得以前老师教我们的所有内容.

　　e． 先行词被形容词最高级修饰。

　　This is the best book that I have read .

　　这是我读过最好的书.

　　f． 先行词被the very, the only, the same修饰。

　　It is the very book that I am looking for .

　　这正是我要找的那本书.

　　g． 先行词是指示代词that, one, those, this, another, all等。

　　Is this school the one that I saw in the picture ?

　　这是我之前在照片中看到的那个学校吗?

　　h． 主句以who / which开头，定语从句用that 。

　　who is the girl that spoke to you just now ?

　　刚才跟你说话的女孩是谁?

　　which is the car that was made in China ?

　　哪辆车是中国制造的?

　　2.引导词when, where和why可用相应的表示时间（in, on, at, during等）、地点（in, on, at等）和原因（for）的介词＋which 表达为介宾结构。

　　a．I still remember the day when I met her for the first time .

　　I still remember the day on which I met her for the first time .

　　我仍然记得我第一次见她的那天.

　　b．That is the place where I went when I was a child .

　　That is the place to which I went when I was a child .

　　这个地方是我还是个孩子的时候去过的.

　　c．May I know the reason why you are late ?

　　May I know the reason for which you are late ?

　　我能知道你为什么迟到的原因吗?

　　3. 注意下面的变化：

　　a． This is the house where we lived last year .

　　(where做地点状语,live在句中做不及物动词,不能直接接宾语)

　　This is the house which/that we lived in last year .

　　(live后加上in可以接宾语,故此句用which/that引导,做宾语)

　　b． This is the day when we left for Shenzhen .

　　(we left for Shenzhen句子成分齐全,故用when做时间状语引导)

　　This is the day which/that we spent in Shenzhen .

　　(spent后缺少花费什么做宾语,故用which/that引导作宾语)

　　4.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：

　　a． 限制性定语从句：是句中不可缺少的组成部分，没有从句，先行词意思不明确，主句也不完整，从句主句不用逗号分开。

　　b． 非限制性定语从句：是主句先行词的补充说明，没有从句并不影响主句意思的明确或完整，这种定语从句一般用逗号和主句分开，在非限制性定语从句中，一般不用that,常用which/as.

　　Last Sunday they reached Dalian, where a meeting was to be held .

　　上周六我们到达大连,有个会议要在那举行.

　　She has two brothers, who are both doctors .

　　她有两个哥哥,都是医生.

　　They won the game, as we had expected.( as有按照,正如之意)

　　他们赢得了比赛,正如我们所期待的.

　　They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.( which没有按照,正如之意)

　　他们赢得了比赛,这是我们没有预料到的.

　　As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.

　　( as可位于句首, which不可以位于句首)

　　众所周知,他是80年代著名影星.

　　原创/安颖/北京市西城区英语教师，欢迎关注我的微信公众号，一起交流英语学习。