中考英语复习之语法讲解第六讲—不定式

发布日期:2019-09-15 16:31 本文摘要:第6讲:不定式 不定式和动词象一对姐妹一样亲密,本不该拆开来讲,可是篇幅有限,只能让他们分开了。不定式的构成非常简单,告诉我是什么?对!是to+动词原形。当然啦,to有时也可以不带。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。那

   第6讲:不定式

  

   不定式和动词象一对姐妹一样亲密,本不该拆开来讲,可是篇幅有限,只能让他们分开了。不定式的构成非常简单,告诉我是什么?对!是to+动词原形。当然啦,to有时也可以不带。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。那什么时候可以不带to呢? Listen to me carefully.

  

   不定式省to有四种情况:

  

   使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定式。如:Let him go! 让他走!

  

   would rather,had better后。如:You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家里。

  

   Why... / why not...后。如:Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?

  

   感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补,省to。如:I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。

  

   注意:这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟! 如:The boss made them work the whole night. 变成被动句:They were made to work the whole night.

  

   不定式的特殊用法:

  

   It与不定式:动词不定式可以做主语,但如果动词不定式太长,显得头重脚轻的,那么我们就可用形式主语it代替,而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。

  

   如: It is not difficult for me to study English well.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)

  

   不定式还可以充当句子的宾语,但有些动词,如find,think,believe 等,在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语,只有用it作形式宾语,从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。

  

   如: I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。

  

   还有一点:动词不定式,还可用在how,when,where,what,which 等疑问代词或副词之后,与其共同作宾语。如:I don't know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用电脑。Remember?

  

   too...to...和enough...to:too...to表达"太 ... 一致于不能..."。

  

   enough ... to 表达 "足以..."。这两个词组的用法用两个例子就可以说清楚了。

  

   The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太沉了,我提不动。

  

   He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。也就是说,他的年龄足够上学了。记住这两个句子就可以举一反三,应用自如。你记住了吗?

  

   好吧,再试一把趁热打铁!

  

   练习:

  

   1. Tell him ___ the window.

  

   A. to close not

  

   B. not to close

  

   C. to not close

  

   D. not close

  

   2. Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.

  

   A. learn

  

   B. to learn

  

   C. learned

  

   D. learning

  

   3. You'd better _______the story in Japanese.

  

   A. say

  

   B. speak

  

   C. tell

  

   D. talk

  

   4. The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

  

   A. to eat not

  

   B. eating not

  

   C. not to eat

  

   D. not eating

  

   5. ---- I usually go there by train.

  

   ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?

  

   A. to try going

  

   B. trying to go

  

   C. to try and go

  

   D. try going

  

   6. There are some books on the floor, would you like ________?

  

   A. to pick them up

  

   B. to pick up them

  

   C. pick it up

  

   D. pick up it

  

   7. She is very ill, let's _______a doctor at once.

  

   A. to wake up

  

   B. send for

  

   C. to pay for

  

   D. pay for

  

   8. I want ________a teacher when I grow up.

  

   A. to be

  

   B. to

  

   C. be

  

   D. being

  

   9. It's cold here. You'd better ______ your coat.

  

   A. not take out

  

   B. not to take down

  

   C. not take off

  

   D. not to take away

  

   10. My mother told me ________more water.

  

   A. drinking

  

   B. drank

  

   C. to drink

  

   D. drink

  

   实战:

  

   1. You'd better _______read in the sun.

  

   A. not to

  

   B. not

  

   C. don't

  

   D. to

  

   2. You aren't a new driver, are you? _______.

  

   A. No, I am

  

   B. Yes, I'm not

  

   C. No, you are

  

   D. Yes, I am

  

   3. Must I stay here now?_________.

  

   A. No, you mustn't

  

   B. No, you needn't

  

   C. Yes, you can

  

   D. Yes, you may

  

   4. There is _______ "s" in the word "bus".

  

   A. a

  

   B. an

  

   C. the

  

   D. /

  

   5. Neithere of us ______a doctor.

  

   A. is

  

   B. isn't

  

   C. are

  

   D. aren't

  

   6. Who was the first in the girls'_________race?

  

   A. 400 metre

  

   B. 400-metre

  

   C. 400 metres

  

   D. 400-metres

  

   7. It's too noisy here, I can't _______.

  

   A. go to sleep

  

   B. fall to sleep

  

   C. sleeping

  

   D. get to sleep

  

   8. The story happened ________ the evening of October 20, 1995.

  

   A. at

  

   B. on

  

   C. in

  

   D. to

  

   9. Could I speak to Mr Gao, please? ________. He has gone to the hospital.

  

   A. I think so

  

   B. Certainly, you can

  

   C. I'm afraid not

  

   D. I'm not sure

  

   10. I'm sorry to trouble you, Miss Hu. ________.

  

   A. Fine, thank you.

  

   B. All right.

  

   C. It's very kind of you .

  

   D. It doesn't matter.

  

   11. Can you tell me where________?

  

   A. is the post office

  

   B. the post office is

  

   C. does the post office

  

   D. the post office does

  

   12. In England, the first name is _______name, but in China, the first name is ______ name.

  

   A. family, given

  

   B. given, family

  

   C. family, family

  

   D. given, given

  

   13. Li Ping met an old friend of _______ on a train yesterday.

  

   A. he

  

   B. him

  

   C. his

  

   D. her

  

   14. Kate is ________ girl.

  

   A. a eighteen-year-old

  

   B. a eighteen-years-old

  

   C. an eighteen -years-old

  

   D. an eighteen-year-old

  

   15. Our city is getting ________.

  

   A. beautiful and beautiful

  

   B. beautifuler and beautifuler

  

   C. more and more beautiful

  

   D. more beautifler and more beautifuler

  

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  中考英语复习之语法讲解第六讲—不定式