中考英语复习之语法讲解第十二讲—句子的种类（一）

　　 第12讲：句子种类（一）

　　

　　 我们都知道，根据句子的使用目的，句子可分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句。疑问句是常考的重点，也是要掌握的难点，这里我们先重点讲一下.

　　

　　 疑问句中我们只讲一讲难掌握的反意疑问句和特殊疑问句.

　　

　　 反意疑问句: 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句. 如前面陈述句部分是肯定式，后面问句部分一般用是否定式；如前一部分是否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式.前后两部分在人称，数及时态上通常保持一致. 如：You are a student，aren't you?(你是学生，对吗?)

　　

　　 在祈使句后面用反意疑问句，要注意人称的变化。 如：Go to the cinema，will you?

　　

　　 在省略的感叹句后面，要注意主语的单复数。如：What fine weather，isn't it?

　　

　　 陈述句部分的主语如是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I. 如: I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?

　　

　　 陈述部分用never，hardly，few，nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义. 如: He seldom came here,did he?

　　

　　 陈述句部分的谓语是used to时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't +主语.如: He used to go to school at seven, didn't he? / usedn't he?

　　

　　 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? 如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

　　

　　 陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语. 如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

　　

　　 主语是everyone， someone，anyone，no one等不定代词时，多用they 指代.如：Everyone is here，aren't they?(所有的人都来了吗?)

　　

　　 主语是everything，something，anthing，nothing时，用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

　　

　　 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

　　

　　 特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。

　　

　　 练习：

　　

　　 1. Don't forget to give the baby some food ,______?

　　

　　 A. will you?

　　

　　 B. shall we

　　

　　 C. won't you

　　

　　 D. do you

　　

　　 2. You have met before, _______?

　　

　　 A. haven't you

　　

　　 B. have you

　　

　　 C. do you

　　

　　 D. don't you

　　

　　 3. She has never read the book before, _______?

　　

　　 A. has she

　　

　　 B. hasn't she

　　

　　 C. is she

　　

　　 D. isn't she

　　

　　 4. Mike has to finish her work now, _______?

　　

　　 A. has he

　　

　　 B. hasn't he

　　

　　 C. does he

　　

　　 D. doesn't he

　　

　　 5. --"Don't smoke in the dining-hall, will you?"

　　

　　 -- "_________."

　　

　　 A. Yes, I agree

　　

　　 B. Yes, of course,

　　

　　 C. Yes, I don't think so

　　

　　 D. What's wrong

　　

　　 6. --______ did you stay in Urumqi last summer?

　　

　　 --For two weeks.

　　

　　 A. How often

　　

　　 B. How

　　

　　 C. How long

　　

　　 D. How many times

　　

　　 7. He nearly hurt himself in the accident, _______?

　　

　　 A. doesn't he

　　

　　 B. didn't he

　　

　　 C. did he

　　

　　 D. does he

　　

　　 8. --_______ will your aunt be back from work?

　　

　　 --In an hour.

　　

　　 A. How soon

　　

　　 B. How often

　　

　　 C. How long

　　

　　 D. What time

　　

　　 9. The old man had to do the farm work himself, ________?

　　

　　 A. did he

　　

　　 B. didn't he

　　

　　 C. had he

　　

　　 D. weren't he

　　

　　 10. --"________ do they have a meeting?"

　　

　　 --"Every two weeks."

　　

　　 A. How long

　　

　　 B. How often

　　

　　 C. When

　　

　　 D. What time

　　

　　 实践：

　　

　　 1. Mr Williams will visit our school again some _______ day.

　　

　　 A. the other

　　

　　 B. another

　　

　　 C. an other

　　

　　 D. other

　　

　　 2. We shall never laugh _________ people when they are _______ trouble.

　　

　　 A. on, in

　　

　　 B. at, in

　　

　　 C. on, to

　　

　　 D. to, at

　　

　　 3. "Thank you for your help.""_______."

　　

　　 A. You are welcome

　　

　　 B. It doesn't matter

　　

　　 C. You are kind

　　

　　 D. It's no need

　　

　　 4. To learn English well is not easy, ______ it is important for us.

　　

　　 A. and

　　

　　 B. so

　　

　　 C. or

　　

　　 D. but

　　

　　 5. "Must I get there before eight?""No, you______."

　　

　　 A. can't

　　

　　 B. mustn't

　　

　　 C. needn't

　　

　　 D. must

　　

　　 6. My sister isn't there, she _______ to Beijing.

　　

　　 A. went

　　

　　 B. will go

　　

　　 C. has been

　　

　　 D. has gone

　　

　　 7. New factory _______ in our hometown next year.

　　

　　 A. build

　　

　　 B. will build

　　

　　 C. will be built

　　

　　 D. is building

　　

　　 8. I don't think he is doing his homework,______?"

　　

　　 A. is he

　　

　　 B. isn't he

　　

　　 C. does he

　　

　　 D. don't I

　　

　　 9. I enjoyed _______ to school in the morning last year.

　　

　　 A. to run

　　

　　 B. run

　　

　　 C. runing

　　

　　 D. running

　　

　　 10. Sorry, I've kept you ________ for a long time.

　　

　　 A. wait

　　

　　 B. waiting

　　

　　 C. to wait

　　

　　 D. waited

　　

　　 11. _______ mother told _______ an interesting story yesterday.

　　

　　 A. Mine, I

　　

　　 B. My, I

　　

　　 C. My, me

　　

　　 D. My, my

　　

　　 12. His grandma ______ in 1968. She has been _________ for years.

　　

　　 A. died, died

　　

　　 B. dead, died

　　

　　 C. dead, died

　　

　　 D. died, dead

　　

　　 13. The old man is _______ under the tree.

　　

　　 A. lying

　　

　　 B. lie

　　

　　 C. laying

　　

　　 D. to lie

　　

　　 14. He runs ________ than his classmates.

　　

　　 A. fastest

　　

　　 B. the fastest

　　

　　 C. fast

　　

　　 D. faster

　　

　　 15. The twins' father is standing ________ them.

　　

　　 A. among

　　

　　 B. between

　　

　　 C. during

　　

　　 D. above

　　

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　　中考英语复习之语法讲解第十二讲—句子的种类（一）